MBR 修復工具：在 Windows 11/10 中修復 MBR 的 4 種方法

Q: 為什麼在修復 MBR 之後，硬碟機仍然顯示 RAW 或未配置？

修復開機載入程式不會自動修正磁碟分割深度或檔案系統中繼資料。磁碟可能仍顯示為 RAW 或未配置，當 磁碟分割表項目遺失或不正確 NTFS/FAT 開機磁區或 MFT 損壞。 磁碟的關鍵區域有損壞的磁區 在這些情況下，嘗試重寫磁碟分割之前，請執行檔案系統復原或深層磁區掃描。.

Q: MBR 損壞會阻止 BIOS 識別硬碟機嗎？

一般來說不是。BIOS/UEFI 在硬體層級偵測磁碟機，而 MBR 則是邏輯磁碟結構。 如果 BIOS 未偵測到磁碟，根本原因很可能是硬體故障、韌體問題或控制器故障 - 而非 MBR 損壞。影響韌體的嚴重惡意軟體有可能發生，但極為罕見。.

2025年11月24日 Vasilii

顏色 MBR repair tool can rebuild damaged boot code and help fix errors such as “Operating System not found,” missing partitions, or Windows failing to start. In Windows 11 and Windows 10, you can first try the built-in Startup Repair or Bootrec commands. If the partition table is damaged, a tool such as TestDisk may be more suitable.

Before repairing the MBR, do not initialize or format a RAW or unallocated drive. If important files or partitions have disappeared, consider performing 遺失的分割區資料復原 before making write-based changes to the disk.

Quick Comparison of MBR Repair Tools

The right MBR repair tool depends on whether the problem affects the Windows boot code, the Boot Configuration Data, or the partition table.

工具	最適合	免費	主要限制
Windows Startup Repair	Automatically fixing common Windows startup errors	是	Cannot recover a severely damaged partition table
Bootrec.exe	Repairing MBR boot code, boot sectors, and BCD	是	Requires access to Windows Recovery Environment
測試磁碟	Finding lost partitions and rebuilding supported boot sectors	是	Text-based interface may be difficult for beginners
GUI partition tool	Rebuilding MBR through a visual interface	有限責任	Some repair functions may require payment
Magic Data Recovery	Recovering files when a drive remains RAW or inaccessible	Free scan	Recovers data but does not directly rebuild the MBR

請注意： Magic Data Recovery is a data recovery program rather than an MBR rebuilding utility. Use it when important files remain inaccessible before or after repairing the disk structure.

How Does an MBR Repair Tool Work?

The Master Boot Record is located in the first sector of an MBR-formatted disk. It contains bootloader code and a partition table describing the location and size of the disk’s partitions.

Malware, interrupted cloning, incorrect partition operations, unexpected shutdowns, and disk errors can damage this information. Depending on the type of corruption, an MBR repair tool may:

Write new MBR boot code.
Repair or restore partition table entries.
Rebuild a damaged partition boot sector.
Reconstruct Windows Boot Configuration Data.
Restore a previously saved copy of the MBR.

However, an MBR repair does not fix every RAW, unallocated, or undetected drive. File system corruption, missing partition entries, bad sectors, and hardware failure require different solutions.

Also note that most Windows 11 computers use GPT and UEFI instead of the traditional MBR and Legacy BIOS configuration. Confirm the disk’s partition style before applying an MBR-specific repair.

When Should You Use an MBR Repair Tool?

Consider using an MBR repair tool when an MBR-formatted disk has one or more of the following symptoms:

Windows displays “Operating System not found” or “Missing operating system.”
Windows fails to boot after disk cloning or partition resizing.
The system cannot find a bootable Windows installation.
A partition disappears after the MBR or partition table is damaged.
The disk appears unallocated because its partition entries are missing.
The bootloader was damaged by malware, an interrupted update, or an unexpected shutdown.

An MBR repair tool is unlikely to help if the drive is not detected in BIOS/UEFI, makes unusual noises, disconnects repeatedly, or has serious physical damage.

4 Ways to Repair MBR in Windows 11/10

Method 1: Run Windows Startup Repair

Startup Repair is the easiest option when Windows cannot boot. It can automatically diagnose and repair certain startup problems, including damaged system files, corrupted BCD information, and some MBR-related errors.

Enter the Windows Recovery Environment.
選擇 疑難排解.
選擇 進階選項.
鍵點選 啟動維修.
Select your Windows account if prompted.
Wait while Windows checks and repairs the startup configuration.

Restart the computer after the process finishes. If Windows still cannot start, continue with the Bootrec method below.

Method 2: Repair MBR with Bootrec Commands

Bootrec.exe is a Windows command-line utility available in the Windows Recovery Environment. It can write new MBR boot code, repair the partition boot sector, scan for Windows installations, and rebuild BCD.
開啟 疑難排解 > 進階選項 > 命令提示字元, and then run the following commands one at a time:

bootrec /fixmbr
bootrec /fixboot
bootrec /scanos
bootrec /rebuildbcd

These commands perform different operations:
bootrec /fixmbr writes new MBR boot code without overwriting the existing partition table.
bootrec /fixboot writes a new boot sector to the system partition.
bootrec /scanos searches for Windows installations not currently listed in BCD.
bootrec /rebuildbcd rebuilds the Windows Boot Configuration Data.
When the commands finish, close Command Prompt and restart the computer. If bootrec /fixboot returns “Access is denied,” the EFI or system partition may require additional repair.

Method 3: Repair a Damaged Partition Table with TestDisk

Bootrec can repair Windows boot code, but it cannot reliably restore missing partition table entries. If the disk appears unallocated or a partition has disappeared, TestDisk may be more appropriate.

Download TestDisk from the official CGSecurity website.
Run TestDisk as an administrator.
選擇建立 to create a log file.
Select the affected physical disk.
Choose the detected partition table type, usually Intel/PC for an MBR disk.
選擇分析, 接著是 快速搜尋.
Review the partitions found by TestDisk.
使用 深入搜尋 if the expected partition is missing.
選擇撰寫 only when the displayed partition layout is correct.

Writing an incorrect partition structure can make data recovery more difficult. If you are unsure whether the detected partitions are correct, copy or recover important files before applying the changes.

Method 4: Use a GUI MBR Repair Tool

A graphical MBR repair tool may be easier for users who are uncomfortable with Command Prompt or TestDisk. Although the interface differs between products, the typical workflow is:

Install the tool on a working computer.
Create a WinPE bootable USB drive.
Boot the affected computer from the USB drive.
Select the correct physical disk.
選擇 Rebuild MBR or a similar option.
Select the MBR type that matches the installed Windows version.
Apply the change and restart the computer.

Carefully verify the selected disk before applying the repair. Rebuilding the MBR on the wrong disk or choosing an incompatible boot type can prevent the system from starting.

When an MBR Repair Tool Will Not Solve the Problem

An MBR repair tool only addresses boot code or partition structure problems. It may not solve the issue in the following situations:

The disk uses GPT and UEFI: Modern Windows 11 systems usually use GPT rather than the traditional MBR boot method.
The disk is missing from BIOS/UEFI: This usually indicates a connection, controller, firmware, or hardware problem.
The drive remains RAW: The NTFS or FAT file system may be damaged even if the MBR is valid.
The disk has bad sectors: Repeated repair attempts may make the drive less stable.
The partition table is missing: Bootrec can write new boot code, but it cannot automatically reconstruct lost partition boundaries.
硬碟機有實體損壞： Clicking sounds, repeated disconnections, or extremely slow reading require professional handling.

Do not initialize, format, or create a new partition on a drive that still contains needed data.

總結

最好的 MBR repair tool depends on the cause of the problem. Windows Startup Repair is suitable for automatic startup troubleshooting, while Bootrec can repair MBR boot code and rebuild BCD. If partitions have disappeared or the partition table is damaged, TestDisk or a dedicated partition tool may be required.

MBR repair does not automatically recover missing files or fix every RAW drive. If important data remains inaccessible, stop writing to the affected disk. Magic Data Recovery can scan RAW, inaccessible, and damaged partitions for recoverable files before you initialize, format, or rebuild the disk structure.

For additional help with missing or damaged partitions, see our lost partition data recovery guide.

下載 Magic Data Recovery

支援 Windows 7/8/10/11 和 Windows Server

有關 MBR 修復工具的常見問題

Does MBR Repair Erase Data on the Hard Drive?

A standard MBR repair normally rewrites boot code in the first sector of the disk and does not erase personal files. However, data loss can occur if a tool writes an incorrect partition table, repairs the wrong disk, initializes the drive, or formats an existing partition. If partitions or important files are already missing, recover them before performing any write-based repair.

MBR 和 GPT 有何差異？MBR 修復工具可以轉換磁碟格式嗎？

MBR 支援最多 4 個主要磁碟分割和最大 ~2TB 的磁碟，並透過 BIOS 開機，而 GPT 則支援更大的磁碟、許多磁碟分割，並透過 UEFI 開機。某些修復工具包含轉換功能，但在 MBR 和 GPT 之間轉換會重寫磁碟分割的 metadata，如果執行不正確，可能會導致資料遺失。在轉換磁碟格式之前，請務必先備份或復原檔案。.

Windows 內建工具能否可靠地修復 MBR 錯誤？

是的，在許多情況下。bootrec /fixmbr、bootrec /fixboot 和 bootrec /rebuildbcd 等指令可以修復損毀的開機程式碼並解決開機故障。但是，Windows 內建工具無法重建損毀的磁碟分割表、偵測損壞的磁區或復原遺失的磁碟分割。如果硬碟機在修復後仍為 RAW 或未配置，則需要額外的復原工具。.

為什麼在修復 MBR 之後，硬碟機仍然顯示 RAW 或未配置？

修復開機載入程式不會自動修正磁碟分割深度或檔案系統中繼資料。磁碟可能仍顯示為 RAW 或未配置，當磁碟分割表項目遺失或不正確NTFS/FAT 開機磁區或 MFT 損壞。磁碟的關鍵區域有損壞的磁區在這些情況下，嘗試重寫磁碟分割之前，請執行檔案系統復原或深層磁區掃描。.

MBR 損壞會阻止 BIOS 識別硬碟機嗎？

一般來說不是。BIOS/UEFI 在硬體層級偵測磁碟機，而 MBR 則是邏輯磁碟結構。如果 BIOS 未偵測到磁碟，根本原因很可能是硬體故障、韌體問題或控制器故障 - 而非 MBR 損壞。影響韌體的嚴重惡意軟體有可能發生，但極為罕見。.

如果在 MBR 修復過程中覆寫了錯誤的磁碟磁區，會發生什麼情況？

如果非 MBR 磁區被覆寫 - 特別是檔案系統磁頭、MFT、FAT 開機磁區或使用者資料 - 可能會造成不可逆的檔案遺失。如果覆寫只影響 MBR 磁區，則可透過還原正確的磁碟分割表來復原問題。一旦資料磁區被覆寫，復原將變得更加困難，有時甚至無法復原。.

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Vasilii

Vasilii 是一位在該領域擁有約 10 年實務經驗的資料復原專家。在他的職業生涯中，他已成功解決數千個複雜的個案，包括刪除的檔案、格式化的硬碟機、遺失的磁碟分割和 RAW 檔案系統。他的專業知識涵蓋使用十六進位編輯器等專業工具的手動復原方法，以及使用復原軟體的進階自動解決方案。Vasilii 的使命是讓 IT 專業人士和一般使用者都能獲得可靠的資料復原知識，協助他們保護寶貴的數位資產。.